According to the INE (National Institute of Statistics), which stated that this was a provisional figure, the upward trend in life expectancy at age 65, resumed in the three-year period 2021-2023, continued in the three-year period 2023-2025, following the decrease recorded during the years of the Covid-19 pandemic (-0.24 and -0.01 years in 2019-2021 and 2020-2022, respectively), in which it fell to values ​​lower than those estimated for 2017-2019 (19.73 years).