Researchers found builders used a hot-mixing technique combining quicklime and volcanic ash, creating self-healing properties. The findings confirm and extend earlier theories about Roman concrete manufacture, offering insights for modern engineering and restoration.

Credits: Unsplash; Author: Jovan Vasiljević;

The research was published in Nature Communications and revisits long-standing interpretations of Vitruvius’s writings on Roman cement. The insights are expected to inform both archaeological restoration and future development of longer-lasting, low-carbon concrete materials.