Researchers highlighted factors such as low levels of bullying, gender equality, open communication between parents and children, and safe, bike-friendly communities. Experts also noted that cultural education and accessible support services help young people develop confidence, autonomy and a sense of belonging.

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Experts point to strong family relationships, supportive schools and high levels of social support as key factors behind the result. The Netherlands also benefits from widespread part-time working, allowing many parents to spend more time with their children.