It’s been drummed into us for many years that checking breasts is a vital way to catch cancer early in both women and men.

As many as two-thirds of breast cancers are found when women notice a new or unusual breast change and get it checked by a GP, according to the Breast Cancer Now charity.

But although checking is both quick and simple, sometimes mistakes can be made, which could lead to cancer signs being missed.

“Breast awareness is one of the simplest ways people can take an active role in their health,” stresses GP Dr Rebecca Rohrer, a young-onset breast cancer survivor herself.

“One of the biggest misconceptions is that there’s a ‘right’ way to check, but there isn’t. What matters most is getting to know how your breasts look and feel, so you’re more likely to notice a new or unusual change.”

To mark October’s Breast Cancer Awareness Month, here are a few of the misconceptions surrounding breast checks…

1. Thinking there’s a special breast-check technique

Checking your breasts can be quick and easy, and could save your life.

“Breast checking only takes a few minutes, and there’s no special way to do it, as long as it’s done regularly,” stresses Jane Murphy, a senior clinical nurse specialist at Breast Cancer Now.

“The most important message to remember is ‘ TLC: Touch, Look, Check’. Touch your breasts and get to know how they normally feel, look for any changes that are new or unusual for you, and check anything you’re concerned about with your GP.”

2. Thinking there’s a right time to check

Although the way breasts feel can change over the course of a month, that doesn’t mean there’s a right and wrong time to check, as what’s important is knowing what’s normal for you, so you’ll know whether there’s been a change to your breast whatever time of a month you check.

Rohrer, clinical innovation and genomics director for Bupa UK, explains: “For many women, breast tissue can naturally change throughout the month and may feel lumpier or more tender at different times. Rather than worrying about finding the perfect time to check, it can be more helpful to make breast awareness a regular habit.”

And Murphy adds: “There is no right time to check. Try making it part of your routine, such as in the shower or bath, while getting dressed, or before going to sleep.”

3. Thinking it’s only important for women to check their breasts

While breast cancer in men is rare – around 400 men are diagnosed with it each year in the UK, compared to around 55,000 women – it’s still a possibility, which is why men should check their chests, too.

Murphy says: “Checking isn’t something that only women need to do – everyone has breast tissue. Although breast cancer is far less common in men than women, both men and women should be aware of changes to their breasts or chest.”

And Rohrer explains: “Men should be alert to unusual changes in their chest area, including lumps, swelling, nipple changes or discharge, and seek medical advice if they notice anything concerning.”

4. Only checking for lumps

Rohrer says a common myth is that breast cancer always presents as a lump, and explains: “While a new lump should always be checked, other signs can include changes in the size or shape of the breast, skin changes such as dimpling, and nipple changes, including inversion (the nipple turning inwards) or unusual discharge.

“Because breast cancer can present in different ways, it’s important not to focus on a single symptom. Being breast aware means noticing what’s new, different or persistent, and seeking advice if something doesn’t seem right.”

And Murphy adds further changes that need checking may include skin puckering, a change in skin colour, and a rash or crusting around the nipple.

5. Assuming a lump will always be cancer

Breast Cancer Now says although every breast lump should be checked by a GP, many turn out to be benign and may be a cyst or a fibroadenoma or other less common but harmless breast lumps.

Murphy stresses: “Most breast changes, including lumps, won’t be cancer, but it’s important to get any new or unusual changes checked by your GP.”

And Rohrer adds: “If you notice a change that doesn’t look or feel right, don’t delay seeking advice. Most breast changes won’t be cancer, but any new or unusual symptoms should be checked by a healthcare professional.

“Early assessment can provide reassurance and, where necessary, help ensure treatment starts as soon as possible.”

6. Only checking the breast itself

As well as the actual breast, signs of breast cancer may also be seen in the chest – including around the collarbone – and armpits.

“It’s important to remember to check the whole breast area, up to your armpits and collarbone (upper chest) for any changes,” warns Murphy. “Be aware of changes to the breasts or chest.”

7. Believing if it’s not in your family you don’t need to check as much

Rohrer says another misconception is that breast cancer is only something to think about if it runs in your family.

“Family history, including whether close relatives have had breast cancer or carry BRCA gene mutations, can help indicate whether someone may be at higher risk,” she says. “But breast cancer can affect anyone, so awareness and checking remains important for everyone.”